ASTM A105 is a specification developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) for forged carbon steel piping components, including flanges, fittings, valves, and similar parts. It is one of the most commonly used specifications for carbon steel flanges in various industrial applications due to its wide availability, versatility, and compatibility with many types of piping systems.
Forged carbon steel flanges manufactured under the ASTM A105 specification are primarily used in high-pressure and high-temperature environments, such as in oil and gas, petrochemical, chemical, and power generation industries. These flanges are designed to withstand extreme conditions and provide reliable sealing connections in piping systems.
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Material Composition: ASTM A105 specifies the chemical composition requirements for carbon steel forgings intended for use in pressure systems. The composition typically includes carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and copper. The carbon content is limited to a maximum of 0.35%, making it suitable for welding applications.
Manufacturing Process: ASTM A105 Carbon Steel flanges are manufactured through the forging process, which involves shaping the raw material into the desired form by applying compressive forces. Forging enhances the mechanical properties of the material, such as strength, toughness, and resistance to impact and fatigue.
Pressure Ratings: ASTM A105 Carbon Steel flanges are available in various pressure ratings, ranging from 150 to 2500 pounds per square inch (psi). The pressure rating indicates the maximum pressure that the flange can withstand at a specific temperature without failure.
Dimensional Standards: Flanges manufactured under the ASTM A105 specification adhere to dimensional standards such as ASME B16.5 for pipe flanges and flanged fittings. These standards define the dimensions, tolerances, facing, and other relevant specifications for flanges to ensure interchangeability and compatibility with other components in the piping system.
Types and Facings: ASTM A105 Carbon Steel flanges are available in different types, including weld neck, slip-on, threaded, socket weld, and blind flanges, to suit various piping requirements. They may also feature different facing types, such as raised face (RF), flat face (FF), and ring type joint (RTJ), depending on the application and sealing requirements.
Corrosion Resistance: While carbon steel offers good strength and durability, it is susceptible to corrosion in certain environments, particularly those containing moisture, chemicals, or corrosive substances. Proper surface treatment, such as painting, coating, or galvanizing, can enhance the corrosion resistance of ASTM A105 flanges and extend their service life.
Quality Assurance: ASTM A105 specifies requirements for testing and inspection of forged carbon steel flanges to ensure compliance with the standard and quality consistency. Common tests include chemical analysis, mechanical testing (tensile, hardness), dimensional inspection, visual examination, and non-destructive testing (such as ultrasonic or radiographic examination).
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Standard | ASTM A105 / ASME SA105, A105N |
Dimensions | ANSI/ASME B16.5, B16.47 Series A & B, B16.48, BS4504, BS 10, EN-1092, DIN, ANSI Flanges, ASME Flanges, BS Flanges, DIN Flanges, EN Flanges, GOST Flange, ASME/ANSI B16.5/16.36/16.47A/16.47B, MSS S44, ISO70051, JISB2220, BS1560-3.1, API7S-15, API7S-43, API605, EN1092 |
Size | 1/2" (15 NB) to 48" (1200NB), DN10~DN5000 |
Pressure Rating | Class 150 LBS, 300 LBS, 600 LBS, 900 LBS, 1500 LBS, 2500 LBS |
Pressure Calculation in DIN | 6Bar 10Bar 16Bar 25Bar 40Bar / PN6 PN10 PN16 PN25 PN40, PN64 |
JIS | 16 K, 5K, 10 K, 20 K, 30 K, 40 K, 63 K |
Flange Connection / Flange Face Type | Raised Face (RF), Ring Type Joint (RTJ), Flat Face (FF), Large Male-Female (LMF), Lap-Joint Face (LJF), Small Male-Female (SMF), Small Tongue, Large Tongue & Groove, Groove, Flange Pipe. |
Types of Flanges | Threaded / Screwed / Forged / Plate |
Coating | Yellow Transparent, Zinc Plated, Anti-rust Paint, Oil Black Paint, Cold and Hot Dip Galvanized |
Test Of Flange | Direct-reading Spectrograph, Ultrasonic flaw detector, Magnetic particle detector, X-ray detector, Hydrostatic testing machine. |
Production Technique Used | Heat treated, Forged and Machined |
Equipment | Press machine, Bending machine, Pushing Machine, Sand-blasting machine, electric bevelling machine etc. |
Test Certificates | EN 10204/3.1B, Raw Materials Certificate, 100% Radiography Test Report, Third Party Inspection Report, etc |
Flange Forging
Compared to cast flanges, forged flanges typically contain less ASTM A105 Forged and are less likely to corrode. Forgings have superior mechanical qualities, a thicker structure, and a more streamlined shape.
Heat Treatment
The flange is undergoing heat treatment; the forging process has the slowest total cooling pace, while the standardizing and reducing processes have faster cooling speeds. The flange is undergoing heat treatment; the forging process has the slowest total cooling pace, while the standardizing and reducing processes have faster cooling speeds.
Forging Rolling
Roll forging is a forging technique that shapes a metal object by using opposing rolls. Although roll forging employs rolls to accomplish the desired material deformation, it is categorized as a metal forging procedure rather than a rolling procedure.
Rust Prevention
For steel flanges, conventional rust protection treatments include hot dip galvanizing, electro galvanizing (cold), varnish paint coating, black paint coating, black phosphating treatment, yellow (golden) paint coating, etc.
Element | Composition %, Note C |
Carbon | .35 max |
Manganese | .60-1.05 |
Phosphorus | .035 max |
Sulfur | .040 max |
Silicon | .10-35 |
Copper | .40 max, note A |
Nickel | .40 max, note A |
Chromium | .30 max, note A,B |
Molybdenum | .12 max, note A,B |
Vanadium | .08 max, note A |
Note A – The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and
vanadium shall not exceed 1.00% Note B – The sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed .32% Note C – for each reduction of 0.01% below the specified carbon maximum (.35%), an increase of .06% manganese above the specified maximum (1.05%) will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.65% |
Tensile Strength min. | Yield Strength min. | Elongation min. | Reduction of Area, min. | Hardness | ||
MPa | ksi | MPa | ksi | % | % | HBW |
485 | 70 | 250 | 36 | 22 | 30 | 137-187 |
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