What are Stainless Steel 321 / 321H Bars?
Stainless Steel 321 and 321H bars are exceptional alloys that belong to the austenitic stainless steel family. Renowned for their high-temperature resistance and corrosion-resistant properties, these bars find extensive use in various industrial applications where durability and reliability are paramount.
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Features of SS 321 Bars:Stainless Steel 321 bars offer a unique combination of features that make them highly sought after in the manufacturing and engineering sectors. One of the standout characteristics is their exceptional resistance to intergranular corrosion, making them suitable for applications involving exposure to elevated temperatures. SS 321 bars also exhibit excellent welding and forming capabilities, providing versatility in fabrication processes. Additionally, these bars maintain their structural integrity at high temperatures, ensuring reliable performance in demanding environments.
Features of SS 321H Bars: Stainless Steel 321H bars, an elevated carbon version of SS 321, are specifically designed to provide enhanced high-temperature strength. The higher carbon content in SS 321H bars promotes better creep resistance and improved mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. This makes them particularly well-suited for applications where sustained high temperatures are a critical factor.
Sizes: SS 321 and SS 321H bars are available in a wide range of sizes to accommodate various industrial requirements. Commonly offered in round, square, and hexagonal shapes, these bars come in different diameters and lengths, allowing for flexibility in design and fabrication.
Specifications | ASTM A276 / A479, ASME SA276 / A479 |
Dimension Standard | EN, DIN, JIS, ASTM, BS, ASME, AISI |
Bar Diameter | 3 ~ 800mm |
Hex Bar size | 2-100mm A/F |
Flat bar size | Thickness: 2 -100mm. Width: 10 to 500mm. |
Square bar size | 4 to 100mm |
Rectangular Bars | Size: 33 x 30mm to 295 x 1066mm. Thickness: 3.0 to 12.0mm. |
Hollow Bars | 32mm OD x 16mm ID to 250mm OD x 200mm ID) |
Billet Size | 1/2 to 495mm Diameter |
Finish | Cold (bright) drawn, centreless ground, hot rolled, smooth turned, peeled, slit rolled edge, hot rolled annealed, Rough Turned, Bright, Polish, Grinding, Centreless Ground & Black |
Tolerance | H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, H13K9, K10, K11, K12 or as per clients requirements |
Bar Surface | Bright, Hot Rolled Pickled, Cold Drawn, Sand Blasting Finished, Polished, Hairline |
Rolled Bars Condition | Hardened & tempered, annealed |
Cold Rolled Bar Technique | Hot Rolled, Cold Drawn, Cold Rolled, Forged Round Bar, Rod |
Form | Round, Rod, T-Bar, Channel Bar, Precision Ground Bar, Flat Bar, Square, Blocks, Round Rod, Rings, Hollow, Triangle, Rectangle, Hex (A/F), Threaded, Half Round Bar, Profiles, Billet, Ingot, I/H Bar, Forging etc. |
Melting
The first step in the process is melting raw materials in an electric furnace. These raw materials are typically iron ore, chromium, nickel, and other elements in exact amounts.
Hot Rolling
After being heated, the billets are shaped into long, thin rods by going through a series of rolling mills. Because the metal is heated above its recrystallization temperature during this operation, it is known as hot rolling.
Pickling
The pickling process is used to the bars in order to eliminate any oxide, scale, or other surface contaminants. Usually, an acid solution is used for this.
Cutting
Lastly, shearing machines or other cutting techniques are used to cut the rods to the required length.
STANDARD | UNS | WNR. | EN | JIS |
SS 321 | S32100 | 1.4541 | X6CrNiTi18-10 | SUS 321 |
Both SS 321 and SS 321H bars share a similar composition, primarily consisting of iron, chromium, nickel, and a small amount of manganese. The addition of titanium in SS 321 stabilizes the alloy against sensitization during welding, preventing the formation of harmful carbide precipitates. In SS 321H, the higher carbon content enhances the overall strength and performance at elevated temperatures.
Grade | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | Ti |
SS 321 | 0.08 max | 2.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.045 max | 0.030 max | 17.00 - 19.00 | 0.10 max | 9.00 - 12.00 | 5(C+N) – 0.70 max |
Grade | Density | Melting Point | Tensilee Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Elongation |
SS 321 | 8.0 g/cm3 | 1457 °C (2650 °F) | Psi – 75000 , MPa – 515 | Psi – 30000 , MPa – 205 | 35 % |
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The versatility of SS 321 and SS 321H bars makes them indispensable in numerous applications across diverse industries. These bars are widely used in the manufacturing of heat exchangers, chemical processing equipment, and aircraft components. The high-temperature resistance of these bars makes them suitable for applications in furnace components, thermal oxidizers, and exhaust systems. The exceptional corrosion resistance ensures longevity in chemical and petrochemical processing plants.
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